{
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-24T11:01:44.394654+00:00",
  "site": {
    "name": "The Long Ball",
    "url": "https://thelongball.app",
    "tagline": "Digging the data behind the distance."
  },
  "dataset": "Defense Subsidy",
  "displayName": "Defense Subsidy",
  "version": "1.0",
  "methodologyVersion": "Defense Subsidy v1.0",
  "internalIdentifier": "defenseSubsidy",
  "season": 2026,
  "asOfDate": "2026-08-23",
  "description": "A season-to-date team-context read comparing actual and expected wOBA on tracked, non-home-run balls in play.",
  "definition": "Actual minus expected wOBA on tracked, non-home-run balls in play. It measures the gloves and the bounces together: defense and batted-ball luck are not separated.",
  "interpretation": "Negative defenseSubsidy means actual results were better than the contact expectation, so the staff was helped. Positive means the staff was hurt.",
  "units": {
    "stored": "raw signed wOBA difference, unrounded",
    "display": "whole wOBA points (defenseSubsidy multiplied by 1,000)"
  },
  "warnings": [
    "Descriptive team context for this season only; not a pitcher-skill stat, plus metric, or projection input.",
    "The number combines the gloves and the bounces. It does not isolate defense from batted-ball luck.",
    "Home runs are excluded because a defense cannot field them; Getting Cooked is shown separately for HR-capable contact.",
    "Pitcher rows are descriptive staff detail and require the frozen BIP qualifier; team totals include every eligible staff BIP."
  ],
  "fields": {
    "team": "MLB team abbreviation for the pitching staff.",
    "leagueRank": "Rank from most helped (1) to most hurt (30) by raw defenseSubsidy.",
    "staffBip": "All tracked, non-home-run terminal fair BIP allowed by the staff, including sub-qualifier pitchers.",
    "pitcher": "Pitcher display name.",
    "mlbamId": "MLB Advanced Media pitcher identifier.",
    "bip": "Pitcher's tracked, non-home-run terminal fair BIP sample.",
    "actualWobaOnBip": "Mean realized wOBA value on the eligible BIP sample.",
    "expectedWobaOnBip": "Mean historical-league expected wOBA from exit velocity, launch angle, and batted-ball type.",
    "defenseSubsidy": "Actual minus expected wOBA on eligible BIP, stored unrounded. Negative means helped; positive means hurt. It combines the gloves and the bounces.",
    "cookedPlus": "Getting Cooked plus-style score for HR-capable contact allowed per BBE; 100 is qualified-pitcher average. Null means unavailable or unqualified in the same-vintage Hot Dog Stand payload."
  },
  "qualifiedBy": {
    "pitcherMinimumBip": 100,
    "teamTotalsIncludeSubQualifierPitchers": true
  },
  "league": {
    "bip": 95674,
    "bipWeightedMeanDefenseSubsidy": -0.003248177081327303
  },
  "teams": [
    {
      "team": "CHC",
      "leagueRank": 1,
      "staffBip": 3249,
      "actualWobaOnBip": 0.27076023391812865,
      "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.30448240364585405,
      "defenseSubsidy": -0.03372216972772543,
      "pitchers": [
        {
          "pitcher": "Javier Assad",
          "mlbamId": 665871,
          "bip": 237,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.22848101265822784,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2959314599817162,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.06745044732348836,
          "cookedPlus": 113.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Trent Thornton",
          "mlbamId": 663423,
          "bip": 117,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.21495726495726494,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.28208629430847837,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.0671290293512134,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Hoby Milner",
          "mlbamId": 571948,
          "bip": 114,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26184210526315793,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3214939966122857,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.05965189134912781,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "David Peterson",
          "mlbamId": 656849,
          "bip": 147,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.282312925170068,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3295915059068967,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.047278580736828626,
          "cookedPlus": 80.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Ben Brown",
          "mlbamId": 676962,
          "bip": 175,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.25457142857142856,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2991228226143418,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.0445513940429132,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Matthew Boyd",
          "mlbamId": 571510,
          "bip": 261,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26915708812260536,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.31208692520471976,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.042929837082114376,
          "cookedPlus": 113.4
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Edward Cabrera",
          "mlbamId": 665795,
          "bip": 212,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.29245283018867924,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.32390297710477733,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.03145014691609809,
          "cookedPlus": 131.4
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Jameson Taillon",
          "mlbamId": 592791,
          "bip": 204,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2465686274509804,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2748785075163643,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.028309880065383868,
          "cookedPlus": 182.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Jacob Webb",
          "mlbamId": 657097,
          "bip": 147,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2972789115646259,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3254622215813227,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.028183310016696845,
          "cookedPlus": 88.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Colin Rea",
          "mlbamId": 607067,
          "bip": 376,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2815159574468085,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3061686912477783,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.02465273380096979,
          "cookedPlus": 123.3
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Shota Imanaga",
          "mlbamId": 684007,
          "bip": 378,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.25952380952380955,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2832928674505589,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.023769057926749364,
          "cookedPlus": 123.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Ryan Rolison",
          "mlbamId": 669020,
          "bip": 128,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.280859375,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3030496851120604,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.022190310112060345,
          "cookedPlus": 81.6
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "team": "TB",
      "leagueRank": 2,
      "staffBip": 3168,
      "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2781407828282828,
      "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3054292824841164,
      "defenseSubsidy": -0.027288499655833548,
      "pitchers": [
        {
          "pitcher": "Bryan Baker",
          "mlbamId": 641329,
          "bip": 122,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.22377049180327868,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2949407200831672,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.07117022827988846,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Kevin Kelly",
          "mlbamId": 687330,
          "bip": 156,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.25352564102564107,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3245416609001347,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.0710160198744937,
          "cookedPlus": 50.5
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Steven Matz",
          "mlbamId": 571927,
          "bip": 196,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2729591836734694,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3176399726360115,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.04468078896254211,
          "cookedPlus": 142.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Shane McClanahan",
          "mlbamId": 663556,
          "bip": 294,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2681972789115646,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.30693746636302355,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.038740187451458914,
          "cookedPlus": 89.8
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Drew Rasmussen",
          "mlbamId": 656876,
          "bip": 346,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26170520231213873,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.30001507609776923,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.03830987378563051,
          "cookedPlus": 64.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Nick Martinez",
          "mlbamId": 607259,
          "bip": 464,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26745689655172417,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3004768487726983,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.033019952220974216,
          "cookedPlus": 95.8
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Griffin Jax",
          "mlbamId": 643377,
          "bip": 232,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.30474137931034484,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.32490969987222723,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.020168320561882384,
          "cookedPlus": 137.8
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Casey Legumina",
          "mlbamId": 668984,
          "bip": 128,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.290625,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.30961596814648995,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.018990968146489928,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Jesse Scholtens",
          "mlbamId": 669947,
          "bip": 135,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2951851851851852,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3123727180462096,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.01718753286102437,
          "cookedPlus": 130.9
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Ian Seymour",
          "mlbamId": 693855,
          "bip": 244,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.29713114754098363,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.29288905012902827,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.004242097411955308,
          "cookedPlus": 119.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Cole Sulser",
          "mlbamId": 642121,
          "bip": 128,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.332421875,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3143929430456735,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.01802893195432649,
          "cookedPlus": 101.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Mason Englert",
          "mlbamId": 669438,
          "bip": 104,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3298076923076923,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.308867989862018,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.020939702445674273,
          "cookedPlus": 168.0
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "team": "LAD",
      "leagueRank": 3,
      "staffBip": 2998,
      "actualWobaOnBip": 0.27216477651767845,
      "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.292003363157744,
      "defenseSubsidy": -0.019838586640065558,
      "pitchers": [
        {
          "pitcher": "Justin Wrobleski",
          "mlbamId": 680736,
          "bip": 364,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.25961538461538464,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.31520861247429316,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.055593227858908516,
          "cookedPlus": 92.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Tanner Scott",
          "mlbamId": 656945,
          "bip": 120,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26958333333333334,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.32229065332481677,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.05270731999148344,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Yoshinobu Yamamoto",
          "mlbamId": 808967,
          "bip": 382,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.23128272251308898,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.28049701986070896,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.04921429734761997,
          "cookedPlus": 78.5
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Jack Dreyer",
          "mlbamId": 676263,
          "bip": 118,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.25466101694915255,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.29603429104352097,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.041373274094368445,
          "cookedPlus": 108.5
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Shohei Ohtani",
          "mlbamId": 660271,
          "bip": 209,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.24665071770334931,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2786163759365694,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.0319656582332201,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Alex Vesia",
          "mlbamId": 681911,
          "bip": 101,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.24702970297029703,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.26378194648379993,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.01675224351350291,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Eric Lauer",
          "mlbamId": 641778,
          "bip": 201,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.24502487562189054,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2576369493854654,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.012612073763574845,
          "cookedPlus": 114.3
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Roki Sasaki",
          "mlbamId": 808963,
          "bip": 306,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.29068627450980394,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.29670785095175867,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.006021576441954746,
          "cookedPlus": 120.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Edgardo Henriquez",
          "mlbamId": 683618,
          "bip": 123,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2528455284552846,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.24133521067502692,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.01151031778025763,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Emmet Sheehan",
          "mlbamId": 686218,
          "bip": 246,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.30853658536585366,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.28904932476267386,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.01948726060317977,
          "cookedPlus": 127.4
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Kyle Hurt",
          "mlbamId": 669165,
          "bip": 100,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3235,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.29793685412994647,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.025563145870053518,
          "cookedPlus": 129.1
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Will Klein",
          "mlbamId": 694361,
          "bip": 111,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.35315315315315315,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.32405151544376376,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.029101637709389457,
          "cookedPlus": null
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "team": "ATL",
      "leagueRank": 4,
      "staffBip": 3120,
      "actualWobaOnBip": 0.28094551282051283,
      "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3001331760353599,
      "defenseSubsidy": -0.019187663214847026,
      "pitchers": [
        {
          "pitcher": "Martín Pérez",
          "mlbamId": 527048,
          "bip": 327,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26024464831804284,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.30904953104862287,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.04880488273058005,
          "cookedPlus": 76.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "JR Ritchie",
          "mlbamId": 702275,
          "bip": 152,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2388157894736842,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.28466161945066887,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.04584582997698469,
          "cookedPlus": 101.1
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Grant Holmes",
          "mlbamId": 656550,
          "bip": 352,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.25923295454545453,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.29990255562057666,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.040669601075122117,
          "cookedPlus": 109.6
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Bryce Elder",
          "mlbamId": 693821,
          "bip": 395,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.26531645569620255,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2980449908664835,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.03272853517028095,
          "cookedPlus": 97.5
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Chris Sale",
          "mlbamId": 519242,
          "bip": 330,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3115151515151515,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.32378863332003377,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.01227348180488222,
          "cookedPlus": 60.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Reynaldo López",
          "mlbamId": 625643,
          "bip": 198,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.29191919191919197,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.30399053178402097,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.01207133986482902,
          "cookedPlus": 91.3
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Dylan Lee",
          "mlbamId": 669276,
          "bip": 130,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.24423076923076922,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2554444228549905,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.011213653624221269,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Tyler Kinley",
          "mlbamId": 641755,
          "bip": 105,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.24476190476190476,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.24189167808439577,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.0028702266775089977,
          "cookedPlus": 130.8
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Didier Fuentes",
          "mlbamId": 800311,
          "bip": 137,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3240875912408759,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3059932095443009,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.018094381696575,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Raisel Iglesias",
          "mlbamId": 628452,
          "bip": 123,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.308130081300813,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.28905792427500643,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.0190721570258066,
          "cookedPlus": 63.6
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "team": "NYY",
      "leagueRank": 5,
      "staffBip": 3035,
      "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2871334431630972,
      "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2989612884306622,
      "defenseSubsidy": -0.011827845267565033,
      "pitchers": [
        {
          "pitcher": "Paul Blackburn",
          "mlbamId": 621112,
          "bip": 192,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2125,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.288159710782891,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.07565971078289095,
          "cookedPlus": 95.9
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Gerrit Cole",
          "mlbamId": 543037,
          "bip": 235,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.28787234042553195,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3232349674534787,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.03536262702794679,
          "cookedPlus": 104.7
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Carlos Rodón",
          "mlbamId": 607074,
          "bip": 134,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2652985074626866,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2951680874612677,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.029869579998581176,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Tim Hill",
          "mlbamId": 657612,
          "bip": 154,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.23831168831168834,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2626536720828686,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.024341983771180267,
          "cookedPlus": 99.8
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Ryan Weathers",
          "mlbamId": 677960,
          "bip": 364,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.310989010989011,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.328249661936861,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.017260650947850023,
          "cookedPlus": 92.3
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Cam Schlittler",
          "mlbamId": 693645,
          "bip": 375,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2864,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.29219882822336163,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.005798828223361622,
          "cookedPlus": 108.0
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Will Warren",
          "mlbamId": 701542,
          "bip": 344,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3380813953488372,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.33828572227626363,
          "defenseSubsidy": -0.00020432692742643272,
          "cookedPlus": 108.3
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "David Bednar",
          "mlbamId": 670280,
          "bip": 143,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2737762237762238,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2711008926658867,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.0026753311103370797,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Max Fried",
          "mlbamId": 608331,
          "bip": 204,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.27205882352941174,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.26162937419840465,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.010429449331007125,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Camilo Doval",
          "mlbamId": 666808,
          "bip": 108,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3027777777777778,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2923105499220797,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.01046722785569806,
          "cookedPlus": 79.2
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Brent Headrick",
          "mlbamId": 687396,
          "bip": 160,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.3346875,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.3239513369964612,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.010736163003538754,
          "cookedPlus": null
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Fernando Cruz",
          "mlbamId": 518585,
          "bip": 123,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.28008130081300814,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2633179488862911,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.01676335192671699,
          "cookedPlus": 126.1
        },
        {
          "pitcher": "Ryan Yarbrough",
          "mlbamId": 642232,
          "bip": 148,
          "actualWobaOnBip": 0.2827702702702703,
          "expectedWobaOnBip": 0.2634927617977085,
          "defenseSubsidy": 0.019277508472561832,
          "cookedPlus": null
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  "source": {
    "pitchCache": "data/raw/statcast-pitches.csv.gz",
    "pitchCacheMaxDate": "2026-08-23",
    "model": "data/models/defense-subsidy-v1.0-2021-2025.joblib",
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    "expectation": "Historical-league HGB actual-wOBA expectation from EV, LA, and batted-ball type",
    "hotDogStand": {
      "path": "public/data/hot-dog-stand-latest.json",
      "generatedAt": "2026-08-24T11:01:37.885396+00:00",
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}